Web terminology | List of web terminologies

In this article, we are going to learn about:

• web terminologies
• list of web terminology

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If you are someone who has to deal with computer and internet on daily basis, then you should have good grasp on computer basics knowledge and web terminology as well as network terminology. However, I will only focus on web terminologies in this article.

 

Complete tutorial is available here:

• Computer Basics tutorial
• Web Terminology tutorial

If you do not have any idea about these and you are an absolute beginner, I recommend you to go through the above tutorials. It’s completely free.

 

In case you already possess some knowledge then my article will help you access your basics on these topics.

I will point out the keyword related to web terminologies and network terminologies and would request you to give a thought on it and see if you can explain it to yourself with complete satisfaction.

 

Web terminologies refers to the terms and terminologies that are used in close reference to internet or web or websites or computer on day to day basis.

Here goes the important list of web terminology:

1. WWW or World Wide Web 
2. Internet
3. Online & Offline
4. Internet Service Provider or ISP
5. Website
6. Webpage
7. Home Page or Index page
8. Static and Dynamic website
9. Web Browser
10. Web Server
11. URL
12. Domain name
13. DNS
14. IP address
15. Firewall
16. Cache
17. FTP
18. HTTP
19. HTML
20. Login
21. Logout
22. Session

Given above are the list of web terminologies that you will encounter on daily basis. Having a good knowledge about the above topics will be beneficial for you.

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All the web terminology definitions and explanations given below are taken from our web terminology tutorial whose link is provided at the beginning of this article. Here we have tried to just touch up the very basic about each web terminologies.

 

WWW or World Wide Web

Full form of WWW is World Wide Web.

 

WWW is the system consisting of interlinked hypertext documents that can be accessed on the internet.

 

World Wide Web is a collection of documents or web pages which are connected to multiple document or web pages through hypertext links. These documents are accessible over internet and anyone can search for information by navigating from one document to the other documents easily.

Click on terminology to read more about WWW or watch below video tutorial

 

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Internet

Internet is popularly known as network of networks.

Internet helps any computer system/mobile to connect with any other computer system globally using TCP/IP protocol. TCP/IP protocol is also known as Internet protocol.

 

Internet identifies each system in the network through a unique address known as IP address. Each computer system has a unique IP to distinguish from other computer on the network just like voter id of human beings.

 

Click on terminology to read more about internet with example, advantages and disadvantages here or checkout our video tutorial to learn about it: 

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Online & Offline

• When you are connected to the internet with your computer, laptop or mobile device you are said to be online.
• Once your device or system gets disconnected with internet, you are said to be offline.

Suppose you want to upload your photo on facebook. 

When you are online (connected to internet) photo gets easily uploaded and you get lots of likes and comments.

But if you are not connected to internet (offline), your photo doesn't get uploaded and you get message - 'You seem to be offline. We will try uploading your photo once you go online'.

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Internet Service Provider or ISP

Internet Service Provider is full form of ISP.

ISP is company or organization that provides access to internet services to an individual or family or company or organization using dial-up or other means of data telecommunications. 

 

ISP provide you an Internet account for a monthly or yearly fee, using which you can manage your account.

It also provides other services such as website hosting and building.

 

Click terminology to read more about ISP with examples here

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URL

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. 

It is also known as URI or Uniform Resource Identifier.

 

To visit any website, you need to type its URL or URI on web browser.

Suppose you need to visit, Google so you need to type its URL - www.google.com 

 

See the example of URL highlighted in yellow in the below image of this website:

 

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Webpage and Website

There are number of html documents present on World Wide Web. These html documents contain lot of information which can be accessed using URL via web browser.

These html documents are referred to as Web Pages. 

A web page may consist of texts, images, audio, video, graphics, hyperlinks, etc.

Web pages are placed on the server. 

 

Collection of interlinked web pages with related information is referred to as website.

 

The page you are currently on is a webpage.

All the pages or webpages of tutorialsinhand domain combined together is a e-learning website.

Read more about webpages and websites here

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Home Page or Index page

Every website has a landing page. 

It is the page where a user is redirected to first when user visits the website. The landing page of a Website is commonly referred to as Home Page or index page.

 

For example,

When you visit amazon.com or flipkart.com, you are first redirected to their home page.

From there you can search different products based on categories, signup or login to their website, sell product, purchase product, etc.

 

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Signup, Login and Logout

Consider visiting an online banking website for example.

Given below are the activities you need to perform in sequence to access an online banking:

• Create account for online banking on bank's website by signup. 
• After signup, you need to login to the website to access restricted products (online fund transfer, book fixed deposit, apply for loan, etc.) of the banking website with your username and password provided during signup.
• Once you have completed your tasks on website, you need to logout. 

Signup is a one time activity. Once you have signup with the website, your account is created with unique id also known as customer id. During signup, you may be asked to provide certain informations related to you like your name, username, password, email, etc. The information required varies from website to website.

 

You can login to the website any number of time on any day using your account details provided during signup. Once you login, your session begins with the website. All your activities like transfering fund, booking FD, etc. will be tracked under your account with timestamp. This enhances the security as no one else except you will be able to access your account and perform any activity. You will have complete control of the activities.

To make sure there is no unauthorised access to your account, you need to end the session everytime when you are done with your task on website. To end session you need to logout of the website.

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Static and Dynamic website

There are two different types of website:

Static website →  Static Website displays same content or information to all the visitors. Static websites are not interactive in nature as their content remains same irrespective of the number of times you visit it.

 

For example, Consider this web page of our website that you are currently reading. No matter how many times you or someone else visits this page from any device, the content of this page remains same until updated by admin. It doesn't change from user to user. Same is the case with different pages of this tutorial. So this makes it static in nature.

 

Dynamic website → Dynamic website is the one which displays content created on go by considering the information entered by the user. They do not show the same information every time you visit the page or refresh it. Dynamic websites are interactive in nature.

 

For example, think of a Facebook page. You do not see the same post every time you login. Every time you get fresh posts from your friend or page you follow as they update it from their end. As soon as you like or comment on any post it is visible to the world on press of the enter button. At the same time Facebook, doesn’t show same profile information for every individual.

 

If you go to online exam section of this website, the questions would be different for different users or on every visit. This can be also viewed as dynamic nature of the website.

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Web Browser and Web Server

A web browser helps us send request to the server.

A web browser also helps receive response as HTML document from the server, converts them to a form that user can read and finally displays them on computer screen.

 

Popular web browsers used around the globe are Internet Explorer, Google, Firefox, Yahoo, Bing, Safari, UC Browser, etc.

 

A web server receives the request from the user with help of a browser and then it process the request, prepares the necessary response and sends it back to the browser.

 

Example on working of Browser and Server

Suppose your results for B.Tech is published by your university.

Now you go to browser (say google), open university url where result is available, enter your roll number and press enter. So you have send the request from browser to server asking to send back your result as response.

 

Server contains lots of data. Assume it has result of B.Tech students from various streams, MCA students, BCA students and so on.

Now servers reads your request data, extracts your requirement (roll number) and then finds information related to that extracted data(roll number), and sends back the prepared information as response back to you. And you get to see your result.

 

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Domain name

Domain Name is the way to identify and locate computers connected to the internet.

 

Two websites cannot have same domain name along with top level domain.

For example, consider our website tutorialsinhand.com

• tutorialsinhand is the domain name of this website and .com is the top level domain.
• google is the domain name and .com is the top level domain.

Read more about Domain name here

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IP address

Full form of IP is Internet Protocol.

IP Address is a unique logical address provided to each computer system on the internet network. 

 

To communicate, send files, send emails, share informations, etc with other systems it is necessary to know where that computer is. IP address helps identify the different systems uniquely. 

IP address is an identifier for a particular computer on a particular network.

 

There are two types of IP address:

• IPv4: Example is 190.167.48.160
• IPv6: Example is 2003:0eb8:75b3:0000:0000:8c2d:0371:7434.

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Firewall

• Firewall is a kind of security device for computers accessing informations via internet.
• Firewall protects the computer and network by restricting the access of outsiders or intruders. It also sets up the criteria that must be met before access to the network or system is allowed to anyone.
• Firewall is hardware or software or both that helps protect your system connected on the network from untrusted sites that may contain viruses or other malwares.

Learn more about Firewall here

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Cache

• Cache stores data of the recently or frequently visited websites. 
• Cache helps to speed up the serving of the web pages faster as the stored data is not required to be fetched from server again which is time consuming task.
• Browser cache is used for purposes to store data of the frequently visited websites. 

Many ad serving websites use the cache to find out the activity or searches that you do online and then serve ad according to your recent activities. That is why you start seeing ad related to footwear on every website you visit after you have searched anything related to footwear recently from your browser.

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FTP

• FTP is an abbreviation for File Transfer Protocol.
• FTP is a network protocol used to transfer data from one computer to another through a network.
• FTP helps in exchanging and manipulating files over any TCP-based computer network. A FTP client may connect to a FTP server to manipulate files on that server.

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HTTP

• HTTP is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
• HTTP is a request / response standard between a client and a server 
• HTTP is a communication protocol that helps in transfer of information on the internet and the WWW or World Wide Web. Original purpose od HTTP was to provide a protocol to publish and retrieve hypertext pages over the internet.

Hypertext pages are specially coded using HTML or hypertext markup language. HTML pages may contain text, sound, animations, images, or link to another hypertext pages. When user clicks on any hyperlink the client program on the computer uses HTTP to contact server and ask the server to provide response based on clients request. Server responds back after processing the request over HTTP.

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HTML

• HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
• HTML was the first language to be used to design the web pages. Those web pages were static in nature.
• HTML designed web page can contain texts, images, audio, videos, etc. 
• HTML along with CSS can be used to design attractive websites. You can view HTML as a plain design on a white paper whereas CSS is a paint that can fill up the design with beautiful colors.

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To study in details about each topics or web terminologies, you can click on the terminology or visit our Web Terminology tutorial

 

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